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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. F. HANRAHAN.

. REFRIGERATOR BUILDING.

No. 328,483. Patented Oct. 20, 1885.

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R (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. F. HANRAHAN.

REFRIGERATOR BUILDING.

No. 328,483. Patented Oct. 20. 1885.

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N. PETERS, Phow-liihographer, Washington. 0. c.

UNTTED STATES PATENT OEETCE.

JOSEPH FRANCIS HANRAHAN, OF OTTAWA, ONTARIO, CANADA.

REFRIGERATOR-BUILDING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 328,483, dated October20, 1885.

Application filed August 28, 1885. Serial No. 175,536. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J osErH FRANCIS HAN- RAHAN, of Ottawa, in the countyof Carleton and Province of Ontario, Canada, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Refrigerators and Refrigerator-Buildings, ofwhich the following is a specification.

Myinvention relates to refrigerators and re- Y frigeratonbuildings, andis designed as an improvement upon the construction set forth in LettersPatent of the United States, granted to me on the 21st day of July,1885, and numbered 322,446.

The object of the present improvement is to insure a thoroughcirculation of air throughout every portion of the cooling-chamber, inorder to insure the carrying off of all foul or dead air, gases, 81c.

In all particulars except those hereinafter specified, the constructionremains the same as in my former Patent No. 322,446, to which referenceis hereby made for any details or explanations not found herein.

In the annexed drawings, Figure l is a horizontal section on the line 20w of Fig. 2; Fig. 2, a vertical longitudinal section on the linear so ofFig. 1; Fig. 3, a vertical transverse sec tion on the line y y of Fig.2; Fig. 4, a vertical cross-section on the line 2 z of Fig. 2.

A indicates the ice chamber, in which a large body of ice is to bestored to cool the air which enters through the ventilatorl) and pipe E,and passes through flues gand dto the cooling or storing chamber B, asin my former patent. Additional flues, 9, extending along the sides ofchamber A and opening into chamber B, are represented in Figs. 1 and 3of the drawings closed at top; but these may be used or omitted, aspreferred.

'From the store room or chamber B the air passes through an outlet-flue,O, to the space above the ice in the chamber A, and thence out to theatmosphere through pipe F and ventilator D, somewhat as before.

It has been found in practice that if the outlet opening or mouth offlue G be located at or near the center of the ceiling of chamber B, asheretofore, the air, taking naturally the shortest course, passes fromthe fines d upward to the center of the ceiling and out through flue C,leaving the air in the corners and angles of the room practicallyundisturbed. As a consequence, the gases, heatcd air, and vapors givenoff by meat or other substances stored in room B are apt to lodge in theangles and corners, and thus impair the efficiency of the refrigerator.My present invention is designed to obviate this difficulty by causingthe air to traverse every part of chamber B and to take up and carry offall impure air, gases, and vapors. This object I attain by providing anoutlet, 0, at the corner or angle formed by the meeting of the ceilingof chamber B with the wall of chamber A, as shown in Fig. 2, said outletextending along said line from one side of room B to the other andopening into flue O, in order to give the foul air an equal chance torise at every point. I also further provide immediately beneath saidceiling a flue or passage, p, having a mouth or inletopening, q, alongthe side farthest from the outlet 0, and like said opening, extendingfrom wall to wall of chamber B. The flue p,whioh opens directly into theoutlet-opening 0, delivers the air, which enters it through the openingq, into the opening 0, whence it escapes through flue G and pipe oroutlet F to the outside atmosphere. From the opening 0 the flue Oinclines upward in the direction shown in Fig. 2, or away from chamberB, thereby facilitating the entrance of air from flue 1) into said flueC, and making the passage equally direct for air from below the ceilingand for air passing through the flue p. In passing vertically upward tothe outlet 0 and across the end of flue p the air produces a suction insaid flue and induces a current of air through it, or strengthens thecurrent caused by the varying temperature of the air.

To permit the air-currents to be closely controlled, I provide thevalves h h at the mouths of the flues d d, and also valves 1', s, and tin the downfiue E and upflues G and F, respectively, the valves 8 and tbeing provided with operating-cords at, extending down into chamber B,as shown in Fig. 2.

The building being thus constructed, ice is placed in the chamber A, andmeat or provisions to be refrigerated or preserved are placed in chamberB, and the act-ion is as follows: The air of the chamber A becomescooled and consequently heavier, falls to the bottom of said chamberthrough the flues 9, passes along the flues d into chamber B, and passesnaturally along the floor to the farther side of said chamber, graduallytaking up the heat of chamber B,and rising by reason of the increase oftemperature. As soon as the air thus leaves chamber A and enters chamberB, a fresh supply enters chamber A through flue E, and the lighter ormore rarefied air from chamber B, being at the top of said chamber, iscrowded out by the incoming cold air entering at the taking up theheated or vitiated air in that part ofthe chamber B,while a very largepercentage will pass entirely across the chamber B, rise, and flow tooutlet 0, partly through flue p and partly beneath said flue, thusreaching everyhpart of chamber B, and making it impossiblefor foul orheated air to lodge at any point. In this way, and by reason of theperfectcirculation of the air, the action of the apparatus is materiallyimproved, and perishable articles can be kept with ease and for a longtime.

Experience and practical tests have demonstrated the fact that theremoval of foul air andgases promptly and thoroughly is quite asessential to the preservation of meats, fruits, and like perishablematters as is the attainment of a low temperature, and by mypresentplan'I accomplish both results in a most effieient andthoronghmanner.

It is not essential that the flue 0 passes into or through chamber A. Ifdesired, it may let, and having an inlet at the side of the storage-roomopposite to that at which the cold air enters.

2. The combination of ice-chamber A and storage-room B, communicating ator near the floor-line,'an air-inlet for chamber A,'outlet '0 fromchamber B, and timer passage 1), having mouth or inlet q andcommunicating with outlet 0, substantially as shown and described.

3. The combination of ice-chamber A, provided with inlet E, and withflues gand d, and storage-chamber B, having outlet 0, in communicationwith the outer atmosphere, and

flue 19, having mouth or inlet q and communieating with outlet 0.

4. In combination with ice :chamber A, storage'room B,eommunicatingtherewith at or near the floor, and outlet 0, extendingentirely across the room .B, whereby the accumulation of foul air in thecorners is prevented.

5. In combination with chamber A, having inlet-pipe E and flues gand d,storage-room B, having outlet 0,and flue p communicating with saidoutlet, flue G, and pipe or outlet F, and valves r s t, located in theflues E, G, andF, respectively.

JOSEPH FRANCIS HANRAH'AN.

Witnesses:

Tn'os. FARRELL, E. STEPHENSON.

